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RFC 1866

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Network Working Group
Request for Comments: 1866
Category: Standards Track

T. Berners-Lee
MIT/W3C
D. Connolly
November 1995

### Hypertext Markup Language - 2.0

### Status of this Memo

This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.

### Abstract

The Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is a simple markup language used to create hypertext documents that are platform independent. HTML documents are SGML documents with generic semantics that are appropriate for representing information from a wide range of domains. HTML markup can represent hypertext news, mail, documentation, and hypermedia; menus of options; database query results; simple structured documents with in-lined graphics; and hypertext views of existing bodies of information.

HTML has been in use by the World Wide Web (WWW) global information initiative since 1990. This specification roughly corresponds to the capabilities of HTML in common use prior to June 1994. HTML is an application of ISO Standard 8879:1986 Information Processing Text and Office Systems; Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML).

The "text/html" Internet Media Type (RFC 1590) and MIME Content Type (RFC 1521) is defined by this specification.

### Table of Contents

1. Introduction

1.1. Scope
1.2. Conformance

1.2.1. Documents
1.2.2. Feature Test Entities
1.2.3. User Agents

2. Terms
3. HTML as an Application of SGML

3.1. SGML Documents
3.2. HTML Lexical Syntax

3.2.1. Data Characters
3.2.2. Tags
3.2.3. Names
3.2.4. Attributes
3.2.5. Comments

3.3. HTML Public Text Identifiers
3.4. Example HTML Document

4. HTML as an Internet Media Type

4.1. text/html media type
4.2. HTML Document Representation

4.2.1. Undeclared Markup Error Handling
4.2.2. Conventional Representation of Newlines

5. Document Structure

5.1. Document Element: HTML
5.2. Head: HEAD

5.2.1. Title: TITLE
5.2.2. Base Address: BASE
5.2.3. Keyword Index: ISINDEX
5.2.4. Link: LINK
5.2.5. Associated Meta-information: META
5.2.6. Next Id: NEXTID

5.3. Body: BODY
5.4. Headings: H1 ... H6
5.5. Block Structuring Elements

5.5.1. Paragraph: P
5.5.2. Preformatted Text: PRE

5.5.2.1. Example and Listing: XMP, LISTING

5.5.3. Address: ADDRESS
5.5.4. Block Quote: BLOCKQUOTE

5.6. List Elements

5.6.1. Unordered List: UL, LI
5.6.2. Ordered List: OL
5.6.3. Directory List: DIR
5.6.4. Menu List: MENU
5.6.5. Definition List: DL, DT, DD

5.7. Phrase Markup

5.7.1. Idiomatic Elements

5.7.1.1. Citation: CITE
5.7.1.2. Code: CODE
5.7.1.3. Emphasis: EM
5.7.1.4. Keyboard: KBD
5.7.1.5. Sample: SAMP
5.7.1.6. Strong Emphasis: STRONG
5.7.1.7. Variable: VAR

5.7.2. Typographic Elements

5.7.2.1. Bold: B
5.7.2.2. Italic: I
5.7.2.3. Teletype: TT

5.7.3. Anchor: A

5.8. Line Break: BR
5.9. Horizontal Rule: HR
5.10. Image: IMG

6. Characters, Words, and Paragraphs

6.1. The HTML Document Character Set

7. Hyperlinks

7.1. Accessing Resources
7.2. Activation of Hyperlinks
7.3. Simultaneous Presentation of Image Resources
7.4. Fragment Identifiers
7.5. Queries and Indexes
7.6. Image Maps

8. Forms

8.1. Form Elements

8.1.1. Form: FORM
8.1.2. Input Field: INPUT

8.1.2.1. Text Field: INPUT TYPE=TEXT
8.1.2.2. Password Field: INPUT TYPE=PASSWORD
8.1.2.3. Check Box: INPUT TYPE=CHECKBOX
8.1.2.4. Radio Button: INPUT TYPE=RADIO
8.1.2.5. Image Pixel: INPUT TYPE=IMAGE
8.1.2.6. Hidden Field: INPUT TYPE=HIDDEN
8.1.2.7. Submit Button: INPUT TYPE=SUBMIT
8.1.2.8. Reset Button: INPUT TYPE=RESET

8.1.3. Selection: SELECT

8.1.3.1. Option: OPTION

8.1.4. Text Area: TEXTAREA

8.2. Form Submission

8.2.1. The form-urlencoded Media Type
8.2.2. Query Forms: METHOD=GET
8.2.3. Forms with Side-Effects: METHOD=POST
8.2.4. Example Form Submission: Questionnaire Form

9. HTML Public Text

9.1. HTML DTD
9.2. Strict HTML DTD
9.3. Level 1 HTML DTD
9.4. Strict Level 1 HTML DTD
9.5. SGML Declaration for HTML
9.6. Sample SGML Open Entity Catalog for HTML
9.7. Character Entity Sets

9.7.1. Numeric and Special Graphic Entity Set
9.7.2. ISO Latin 1 Character Entity Set

10. Security Considerations
11. References
12. Acknowledgments

12.1. Authors' Addresses

13. The HTML Coded Character Set
14. Proposed Entities

Original text document

Next: 1. Introduction

Connected: An Internet Encyclopedia
RFC 1866