  Index
                                    
                                    
  Conventions:  Most fully capitalized terms (e.g., ECHO,
  SELECT) are command names unless otherwise noted.           
                                    

  Special Characters                
                                    
  ! warning mark, 4, 202            
                                    
  ## advanced topic mark, 4, 55, 202                             
                                    
  $ (dollar sign), as parameter character, 118, 186, 387        
                                    
  % sign                            
      and alias parameters, 212     
      and batch file parameters, 117
      and environment variables, 138
      in file names, 15             
      use with variable functions, 149              
  %# and %n&                        
      in aliases, 213
      in batch files, 118, 391      
  %0 to %127
      in aliases, 212               
      in batch files, 117, 391
                                    
  & (ampersand)
      as command separator, 183, 384                         
      as parameter character, 118, 186, 387               
  && (and) in conditional commands, 108                   

  * (asterisk)                      
      as file name "wildcard", 91                          
      to temporarily disable an alias, 125                  
                                    
  ., see Current drive and directory                       
  .., see Parent directory          
                                    
  /, in command switches, 200       

  ; (semicolon)
      in include lists, 100
      in long file names, 15, 94

  ? as file name "wildcard", 91
  ? command, 204
  ? variable, 143

  @ sign, See also Variable functions.
      for key codes, 28, 211
      in file names, 15
      in INKEY results, 321
      to define a keystroke alias, 210
      to override batch file echo, 117, 279, 366
      to override command history save, 60
      to read a file in DO, 273
      to read a file in FOR, 295

  ^ (caret), 183, 184, 384, 385

  _? variable, 143

  || (or) in conditional commands, 108

  + variable, 144

  = variable, 143

  4

  4DOS, 4OS2, and 4NT, compatibility with, see Take Command, compatibility
  _4VER variable, 144

  A

  Abort, Retry, Fail message, see Critical errors
  ACTIVATE, 205
      and KEYSTACK, 89, 327
  Advanced Power Management status, 144
  Advanced topic mark, see v
  Alias
      disabling, 208
      expanding, on command line, 170, 193, 214
  ALIAS command, 19, 206            
  @ALIAS function, 152              
  Aliases, 113, 206                 
      and executable extensions, 103                         
      and QUIT, 363                 
      back-quotes in, 173, 208, 212, 216                    
      dialog, 42                    
      disabling, 71, 125, 208, 388                         
      editing, 53, 283              
      examples, 113, 123            
      expansion, 72, 170            
          and batch file debugging, 128          
          command line, 71          
          disabling, 388            
          nested, 171               
      in batch files, 123           
      internal variables in, 214    
      keystroke, 115, 210           
          and key assignments, 191                     
      local and global, 46, 180, 214, 215, 397               
      multiple commands in, 207     
      nested, 114, 171, 208         
      order of execution, 170       
      parameters, 171, 212, 213
      reading from a file, 216      
      removing, 416
      retrieving, 152               
      saving and restoring, 212, 390                         
      setting default command options with, 209, 213      
      sharing with 4DOS, 4OS2, and 4NT, 136, 168           
      size of alias list, 340       
      suspending execution of, 354                         

  Aliases (continued)
      testing for existence, 316    
      variable functions in, 167, 214                    
  Alt key, 36                       
  @ALTNAME function, 153            
  And (&&) in conditional commands, 108                   
  .AND., in IF and IFF, 312, 317, 319                        
  ANSI support, 90, 359             
      detecting, 144                
      enabling, 182, 384            
  _ANSI variable, 144
  _APMAC variable, 144
  _APMBATT variable, 144
  _APMLIFE variable, 144
  Appending files, 233
  Applications
      closing, 45
      searching for, 19, 73, 104, 351
      starting, 38, 72, 251, 394
      switching, 45
      waiting for, 48, 74, 114, 185
      windows for, 74
  Archive attribute, see File attributes
  Argument quoting, 172
  Arguments, see Parameters
  Arithmetic, 154, 155, 161, 383
  ASCII, 23, 153
  @ASCII function, 153
  ASSOC, 217
  ATTRIB, 218
  @ATTRIB function, 153
  Attributes, see File attributes
  Automatic batch files, 121
  Automatic directory changes, 68

  B

  Backspace character, 111
  Base name, see File names, parts of
  .BAT files, 19, 116, 335
  Batch files, 116
      "case" statements in, 401
      aliases in, 123, 124
      and executable extensions, 103
      and redirection, 86
      automatic, 121
      based on command history, 310
      branching in, 307
      calling, 224
      capturing output of, 128
      chaining, 224
      commands for, 119, 198
      comments in, 366
      compression, 131
      Ctrl-Break handling, 348
      debugging, 125, 389
      detecting Take Command from, 123                   
      displaying messages in, 279, 281, 371, 373, 405, 423

  Batch files (continued)
      echoing of commands, 117, 182, 279, 388               
      environment variables in, 118                         
      error handling, 348           
      internal variables in, 118    
      interrupting, 121             
      keyboard input in, 321, 324, 347, 362               
      labels, 306, 307              
          testing for existence, 317                     
      line numbers in, 127, 144     
      loops in, 271                 
      modes, 116, 335               
      names of, 118, 145            
      nesting, 144, 224             
      parameters, 117, 171, 391     
      sample, 121                   
      sharing with 4DOS, 4OS2, and 4NT, 136, 168           
      starting applications from, 74, 185               
      string processing in, 128, 388                         
      subroutines, 306, 370         
      suspending execution of, 354                         
      temporary variables in, 119                         
      terminating, 225, 363         
      timing events in, 407         
      variable functions in, 118, 167                    
  _BATCH variable, 144              
  _BATCHLINE variable, 144          
  _BATCHNAME variable, 145          
  BATCOMP.EXE, 131                  
  BEEP, 119, 182, 221               
  _BG variable, 145                 
  _BOOT variable, 145               
  Boxes, drawing, on screen, 275    
  BREAK, 223                        
  .BTM files, 19, 116, 335          
                                    
  C                                 
                                    
  CALL, 119, 224                    
  CANCEL, 119, 224, 225, 363
  Caps Lock key, 326
  Carriage return character, 111
  Case (upper / lower)
      conversion, 163, 166
      of file names, see File names, case of
      PROMPT, 356
  "Case" statements, in batch files, 401
  CASE, in SWITCH, 401
  Caveman/16
      and START, 396
      configuring, 42, 49
      errors, 50
      terminating DOS application, 39
      waiting for applications, 75
  Caveman/32, 39, 74, 396
      configuring, 40, 50
      waiting for applications, 75
  CD, 226

  CDD, 228
  CDFS file system, 160
  CDPATH, 68, 82, 227, 228, 360
      and extended directory searches, 83
      environment variable, 139
  @CDROM function, 153
  Changing directories, 68, 77, 226, 228, 355, 360, 434
      CDPATH, 82
      extended directory searches, 79
      local and global history, 70
      returning to previous directory, 69, 78, 227, 228, 360
  @CHAR function, 153
  CHCP, 230
  CHDIR, 226
  _CI variable, 145
  @CLIP function, 153
  Clipboard, 35, 37, 57
      copying, 235
      redirecting to, 38, 84, 86
      retrieving text from, 153, 273, 295
      viewing, 332, 415
  CLS, 35, 119, 231
  .CMD files, 19, 116, 335
  CMDLINE environment variable, 140                             
  _CO variable, 145                 
  Code pages, see Country code      
  _CODEPAGE variable, 145           
  Cold reboot, 365                  
  COLOR, 119, 232                   
  COLORDIR environment variable, 140                             
  Colors                            
      boxes, 275                    
      in directory displays, 48, 190, 259                    
      in LIST, 48, 190, 333         
      in SELECT, 48, 190, 375       
      lines, 277, 278               
      names of, 27                  
      numbers for, 27               
      setting defaults, 190, 231, 232                    
      standard, 46, 190             
      testing, 145, 146             
      text, 373, 423                
      typed input, 46, 58, 190      
  _COLUMN variable, 145             
  _COLUMNS variable, 145            
  .COM files, 19                    
  @COMMA function, 154              
  Command grouping, 86, 108         
  Command history, see History list                            
  Command line, 56                  
      and clipboard, 57             
      arguments, see Parameters     
      automatic directory changes, 68                 
      cut and paste, 57             
      deleting text, 38             
      echoing of, 279, 280          

  Command line (continued)
      editing, 56                   
          keys, 47, 111, 188, 193                     
          mode, 46, 57, 184, 387    
      expanded, viewing, 280        
      filename completion, 63       
      history, 59. See also History list.               
      history window, 62            
      length of, 56, 72, 110        
      multiple commands, 70         
      pasting text, 35, 38          
      processing, 18, 170           
      prompt, 356                   
  Command processor, 8, 9           
  Command Reference Guide, 197
  Command separator, 70, 144, 183, 384
  compatibility between products, 168
      disabling, 388
      in aliases, 207
      in IFF, 319
      saving and restoring, 390
  Command tail, 18, 170
  Command window, 31, 36, 38. See also Scrollback buffer.
  Commands
      conditional execution of, 319
      executing, in prompt, 156
      external, 18, 351
          exit codes for, 143, 146
          waiting for, 48, 74, 114, 185
      format of, 199
      help for, 309
      internal, 18, 197
          disabling, 204, 386
          testing for existence, 317
      length of, 56, 71, 72
      list of, 204
      order of execution, 170
      processing, 18, 170
      prompting before execution, 204
      unknown, handling, 216
  Comments
      .INI file, 176
      alias files, 216
      batch files, 366
      environment variable files, 383
  Compatibility, see Take Command, compatibility
  Compound character, see Command separator
  Compressed drives, 262, 378
  COMSPEC environment variable, 140
  Conditional commands, 107
      disabling, 388
  Conditions, evaluating, 161, 312, 319
  Configuration, of Take Command, 139, 174, 350
      using dialogs, 40, 45
  Console session, 39, 74           
  Conventions, 27
  @CONVERT function, 154            
  Coprocessor, see Numeric coprocessor                     

  COPY, 233                         
  Copying from scrollback buffer, 35, 37                  
  Country code, 25, 145, 230, 241                             
  _COUNTRY variable, 145            
  CPU type, 145                     
  _CPU variable, 145                
  Critical errors, 106              
      detecting, 348                
  Ctrl-Break                        
      at page and file prompts, 76                          
      checking, 223, 348            
      during DELAY, 247             
      during INKEY, 322             
      during INPUT, 324             
      during PAUSE, 354             
      during QUERYBOX, 362          
      in batch files, 121, 348      
  Ctrl-C, see Ctrl-Break            
  Ctrl-X, see Escape character      
  Ctrl-Z end of file mark, and COPY, 238                       
  Current drive and directory, 14                              
      and Windows 3.x, 77, 227, 229, 355, 361               
      changing, see Changing directories                 
      displaying, 227, 229          
      retrieving, 145               
      saving and restoring, 360, 390                         
  Cursor                            
      determining position, 145, 147                         
      mouse, shape of, 46, 180      
      positioning, 371              
      text, shape of, 183, 387      
          retrieving, 145           
  _CWD variable, 145                
  _CWDS variable, 145               
  _CWP variable, 145                
  _CWPS variable, 145               

  D

  Daily execution of batch file, 167
  Date
      converting, 154, 155, 163, 167
      file, see Files, date stamp
      formatting, 163
      ranges, 94
      retrieving, 145, 146, 147, 148
  DATE command, 241
  @DATE function, 154
  _DATE variable, 145
  @DAY function, 154
  _DAY variable, 145
  DDE, 135
      and Program Manager, 187
      Take Command as client, 242
      Take Command as server, 135
  DDEEXEC, 242
  @DEC function, 154

  Decimal character, 156, 183, 386
      saving and restoring, 390
  Default directory, see Current drive and directory
  Default drive, see Current drive and directory
  DEFAULT, in SWITCH, 401
  DEL, 243
  DELAY, 247
  DELDIR environment variable, 245, 344
  Deleting files, 243
  DESCRIBE, 191, 248
  @DESCRIPT function, 154
  DESCRIPT.ION, see File descriptions
  Descriptions, see File descriptions
  DETACH, 251
  Detecting Take Command. from a batch file, 123
  @DEVICE function, 154
  Devices, detecting, 154
  Dialogs, 43
      Aliases, 53
      Configuration, 40, 45
      Descriptions, 52
      directory name, 160           
      Environment, 53               
      file name, 160                
      Find files/text, 51           
      Run, 44                       
      Task List, 44                 
      user input, 347, 362          
  DIR, 252                          
      and include lists, 101        
      color-coded displays, 48, 190, 259                    
      file descriptions, and redirection, 265            
      multi-column displays, 258    
      options, 262                  
      output format, 255
      redirected output, 260, 263
  DIRCMD environment variable, 140                             
  Directories, see Subdirectories                  
  Directory history, 69, 268        
      local and global, 46, 70, 180, 397                    
      size of, 46, 179              
      window, 69                    
  Directory Navigation, 77. See also Changing directories.      
  Directory stack, 355, 360         
      clearing, 355                 
      displaying, 270               
  Directory tree, 13                
  Directory tree, displaying, 412                             
  DIRHISTORY, 268                   
  DIRS, 270, 355, 360               
  Disk drives, 10                   
      compressed, 262, 378          
      remote, 164                   
      removable, 164                
      space on, 154, 301            
      testing status of, 164        
      volume label, 162, 422        
      write verification on, 421

  _DISK variable, 145               
  @DISKFREE function, 154           
  @DISKTOTAL function, 154          
  @DISKUSED function, 154           
  Display colors, see Colors        
  _DNAME variable, 146              
  DO, 119, 271                      
      and GOTO, 273                 
  DOS session, starting, 38
  _DOS variable, 146
  @DOSMEM function, 154
  _DOSVER variable, 146
  @DOW function, 155
  _DOW variable, 146
  @DOWI function, 155
  _DOWI variable, 146
  @DOY function, 155
  _DOY variable, 146
  DPATH, 274
  _DPMI variable, 146
  DRAWBOX, 119, 275
  DRAWHLINE, 119, 277
  DRAWVLINE, 119, 278
  Drive, see Disk drives

  E

  @EAREAD function, 155
  @EAWRITE function, 155
  ECHO, 279
      batch files, 117, 119, 127, 366
          default state, 182, 388
          inheritance, 224
      command line, 280
  ECHOERR, 279
  ECHOS, 119, 281
  ECHOSERR, 281
  Editing aliases and environment variables, 283
  Editor, 42, 48, 184
  ELSE and ELSEIFF, in IFF, 319
  ENDDO, in DO, 271
  ENDIFF, in IFF, 319
  ENDLOCAL, 119, 125, 282, 390, 418
  ENDSWITCH, in SWITCH, 401
  ENDTEXT, 120, 405
  Environment, 22, 137, 381
      and Windows 3.x
        applications, 23, 75, 382, 398
      commands for, 199
      dialog, 42, 53
      master, 163
      saving and restoring, 390
      size of, 138, 340
  Environment variables, 22, 137, 381
      and INKEY, 321
      and INPUT, 324
      and QUERYBOX, 362             
      characters in name, 138

  Environment variables (continued)
      editing, 53, 283              
      expansion, 72, 171            
          and batch file debugging, 128          
          disabling, 388            
      for current directory, in Windows NT, 141             
      nesting, 138                  
      reading from a file, 383      
      referencing, 138              
      removing, 418                 
      spaces in, 382                
      testing for existence, 316    
  ERASE, 243                        
  Error level, see Exit codes       
  Error messages, 426               
  ERRORLEVEL variable, 146          
  Errors                            
      codes, see Exit codes         
      handling, in batch files, 348                         
      input and output, 106         
      system error codes, 148       
  Escape character, 110, 143, 184, 385                        
      compatibility between products, 168               
      saving and restoring, 390     
  ESET, 191, 283, 382               
      and PATH, 352                 
  @EVAL function, 48, 155, 184, 386                             
  EXCEPT, 109, 284                  
      and DEL /Z, 246
  .EXE files, 19                    
  @EXEC function, 156
  @EXECSTR function, 156            
  Executable extensions, 19, 74, 102, 171                        
      and filename completion, 64                          
      and Windows file associations, 105           
      wildcards in, 104             
  @EXETYPE function, 156            
  EXIT, 286                         
  Exit codes, 171                   
      and CALL, 224                 
      and CANCEL, 225               
      and conditional commands, 107
      and DEL, 244
      and EXIT, 286
      and GLOBAL, 304
      and IF tests, 316
      and PROMPT, 357
      and QUIT, 363, 370
      retrieving, 143, 146
  Exiting, from Take Command, 37, 286
  @EXPAND function, 157
  @EXT function, 157
  Extended ASCII, see ASCII
  Extended attributes, 17
      .LONGNAME, 237, 343
      and file descriptions, 184
      reading and writing, 155

  Extended directory searches, 79, 227, 228, 360
      and CDPATH, 83
      and wildcards, 82
      database, 80, 229
          automatic updates, 240, 246, 338, 342, 345, 364, 367
      options, 81, 185
      popup window, 182
  Extended key codes, see Keys Extended parent directory names, 91
  Extension, see File names, parts of
  External commands, see Commands
  EXTPROC support, 134

  F

  FAT file system, see File systems
  FFIND, 51, 287
  _FG variable, 146
  File Associations, see Microsoft Windows, file associations
  File attributes, 16, 218
      and COPY, 236, 239, 240
      and DEL, 246
      and DIR, 252, 262, 266
      and EXCEPT, 284
      and FOR, 299
      and GLOBAL, 304
      and MOVE, 345                 
      and REN, 368                  
      and SELECT, 378               
      of subdirectories, 220        
      setting, 218                  
      testing, 153                  
      viewing, 218                  
  File descriptions, 248            
      and extended attributes, 184                         
      controlling processing of, 47, 184, 385                
      dialog, 42                    
      displaying, and redirection, 265            
      editing, 52, 248              
      file name for, 146, 184, 249, 385                    
      length of, 184, 249, 256, 375                         
      retrieving, 154               
      selecting files by, 254, 264, 377, 378               
      sorting by, 265, 290, 379     
  File exclusion ranges, 99         
  File names, 9, 14, 91             
      case of, 15, 142, 189, 387    
      FAT-compatible, 15            
      length of, 14                 
      long, 15, 91                  
          alternate (short) names, 153              
          and wildcards, 102        
          converting, 65, 162, 165                     
          displaying, 257, 258, 267, 375, 380           
          extension, 16, 157        
          quoting, 15, 150          
          searching for, 101        
          semicolons in, 15, 94     
      parts of, 9, 157, 160, 163, 164

  File names (continued)
      selecting, 160                
      short                         
          converting, 65, 162, 165                     
          displaying, 257, 258, 267, 375, 380           
      shorthand for, 90             
      unique, 166                   
  File processing prompts, 76       
  File systems, 10
      date and time stamps, 16, 98, 157, 159, 266, 379
      detecting, 160
      path length, 14
  @FILEAGE function, 157
  @FILECLOSE function, 157
  @FILEDATE function, 157
  Filename completion, 63
      customizing, 66, 185
      window, 67
  @FILENAME function, 157
  @FILEOPEN function, 157
  @FILEREAD function, 158
  Files, 9
      adding line numbers to, 415
      allocated size of, 158, 264
      commands for, 198
      copying, 233
      counting, 158
      counting lines in, 163
      date stamp, 16, 157, 163, 241, 252
          modifying, 410
      deleting, 243
          forced, 245, 344
      destroying, 245
      displaying, 330, 415
      excluding, from commands, 99, 284
      executable, 19
          types of, 156
      finding, 42, 51, 159, 287
      moving, 341, 367
      reading and writing, 157, 158, 159, 162, 273, 295
      renaming, 367
      searching for, 165
      selecting, 90, 374
          date, time, and size ranges, 94
          exclusion ranges, 99
          extended parent directory names, 91
          include lists, 100
          multiple filenames, 100
          wildcards, 91
      selecting lines from, 165
      size of, 158, 252
      testing for existence, 316
      time stamp, 16, 157, 159, 163, 252, 406               
          modifying, 410            
      true path of, 166, 414        
  @FILES function, 158              
  @FILESEEK function, 158           
  @FILESEEKL function, 158

  @FILESIZE function, 158           
  @FILETIME function, 159           
  @FILEWRITE function, 159          
  @FILEWRITEB function, 159         
  @FINDCLOSE function, 159          
  @FINDFIRST function, 159          
  Finding files or text, 42, 51, 287                             
  @FINDNEXT function, 159           
  Fonts, 49                         
      and box and line drawing, 276                         
      selecting, 40                 
      status bar, 188
      tool bar, 189                 
  FOR, 109, 120, 292
      and GOSUB, 299                
  Form feed character, 111          
  @FORMAT function, 160             
  FREE, 301                         
  @FSTYPE function, 160             
  FTYPE, 302                        
  @FULL function, 160               
                                    
  G                                 
                                    
  _GDIFREE variable, 147            
  General Concepts, 8               
  @GETDIR function, 160             
  @GETFILE function, 160            
  GLOBAL, 109, 304                  
  GOSUB, 120, 306, 370              
      and FOR, 299                  
  GOTO, 120, 307                    
      and DO, 273                   
      and IFF, 320                  
      and SWITCH, 403               
                                    
  H                                 
                                    
  Help, 43, 53                      
  HELP, 309                         
      books to load, in Take Command for OS/2, 179       
  Help system, 6                    
  Hidden attribute, see File attributes
  HISTORY, 310
  History list, 59, 310
      controlling, 185, 310
      copying commands to end, 60, 185
      local and global, 46, 63, 180, 397
      moving commands to end, 60, 186
      reading from a file, 311
      size of, 46, 180, 340
  History windows
      command line, 62
      directory, 69
  _HLOGFILE variable, 147
  HMA, see Memory
  _HOUR variable, 147
  HPFS file system, see File systems

  I

  IF, 109, 120, 312
      conditions, 313
  @IF function, 161
  IFF, 120, 319
      and GOSUB, 306
      and GOTO, 320
      conditions, 313
  @INC function, 161
  Include lists, 100
  @INDEX function, 161
  .INI file, 174, 350
      advanced directives, 196
      and installation, 175
      and SETDOS, 177, 181, 384
      color directives, 190
      comments in, 176
      configuration directives, 181
      directives, 176
      errors in, 177, 180
      initialization directives, 179
      key mapping directives, 190
      prompts during execution, 180
  @INIREAD function, 161
  @INIWRITE function, 161
  INKEY, 120, 321
  INPUT, 120, 191, 324
  Input and output, commands for, 198                        
  @INSERT function, 161             
  Installable file systems (OS/2), 12                      
  @INSTR function, 161              
  @INT function, 162                
  Internal commands, see Commands                        
  Internal variables, 141. See also names of individual variables.                      
      in aliases, 214               
      in batch files, 118           
  International character sets, 25, 230, 276                    
  Internet URLs, 73, 75             
  Introduction and Installation Guide, 7                        
  ITERATE, in DO, 271               
                                    
  K                                 
                                    
  _KBHIT variable, 147
  KEYBD, 326                        
  Keyboard, 25
      Caps Lock, Num Lock, and Scroll Lock, 326            
      checking buffer, 147, 322, 325                         
      clearing buffer, 322, 325, 328                         
      state of, 32                  
  Keys                              
      Alt, 36                       
      codes, 23                     
      mapping, 190                  
          clearing default key map, 196                
      names, 28, 210                

  KEYSTACK, 89, 120, 128, 327       
      and ACTIVATE, 89, 327         
  Keystroke aliases, see Aliases    
                                    
  L                                 
                                    
  @LABEL function, 162              
  Labels, in batch files, 306, 307                             
  _LASTDISK variable, 147           
  LEAVE, in DO, 271
  @LEFT function, 162
  @LEN function, 162
  LFN file system, see File systems
  @LFN function, 162
  Line feed character, 111
  @LINE function, 162
  @LINES function, 163
  Lines, drawing, on screen, 277, 278
  LIST, 52, 330
      default colors, 48, 190 
      keys used with, 191, 195
  LOADBTM, 117, 120, 335
  LOG, 128, 336
  _LOGFILE variable, 147
  Logging, 41, 47, 336
      file names, 47, 147, 185, 186
  Long file names, see File names, long
  Loops, in batch files, 271
  Lower case, see Case
  @LOWER function, 163
  @LPT function, 163

  M

  @MAKEAGE function, 163
  @MAKEDATE function, 163
  @MAKETIME function, 163
  Master environment, see Environment
  @MASTER function, 163
  MD, 338
  Memory
      amount of, 154
      location of DOS, 420
      status, 340
  MEMORY, 340
  Memory load, 32
  Menus, 31, 36
      Apps, 38
      Edit, 37
      File, 36
      Help, 43
      Options, 40
      Utilities, 42
  Messages, displaying, 279, 281

  Microsoft Windows
      clipboard, see Clipboard
      detecting, 146, 148
      directories                   
          retrieving, 148           
          searching for executable files, 20, 73, 104, 351        
      exiting, 37                   
      Explorer, starting, 395       
      file associations, 19, 21, 105, 217, 302               
          "direct" and "indirect", 22, 105
          and executable extensions, 105
          disabling, 22, 46, 106, 180, 418           
          displaying and modifying, 217          
          starting applications, 73, 74, 105             
      file types, 22, 105, 302      
          displaying and modifying, 302          
      keystrokes, for cut, copy, and paste, 35, 183          
      logging off, Windows NT, 37                          
      mode, 32, 148                 
      Program Manager groups, 39, 40, 47, 48, 187
          replacing, 1, 9           
      Recorder, 42
      resources, 32, 147, 148       
      restarting, 37, 365, 398      
      shell, 9                      
      shutting down, Windows 95     
        and Windows NT, 37, 365     
      version 3.x and environment variables, 23, 75, 382, 398                
          current drive and directory, 77, 227, 229, 355, 361           
      versions of, 9                
  Microsoft Windows 95 and Windows NT, see Microsoft Windows                         
  _MINUTE variable, 147             
  MKDIR, 338
  _MONITOR variable, 147            
  @MONTH function, 163
  _MONTH variable, 147              
  Mouse cursor, shape of, 46, 180
  _MOUSE variable, 147
  MOVE, 341
      and SELECT, 342
  MSGBOX, 120, 347
  Multiple commands, 70
      disabling, 388
      in aliases, 207
      separator character, see Command separator

  N

  @NAME function, 163
  _NDP variable, 147
  .NOT., in IF and IFF, 312, 317, 319
  NTFS file system, see File systems
  Num Lock key, 326
  Numbers
      calculating, 155, 383
      comparing, 313
      converting bases, 154
      formatting, 154, 160

  Numbers (continued)
      parts of, 162
      testing strings for, 164
  Numeric coprocessor, 147
  @NUMERIC function, 164

  O

  ON, 120, 348
  Operating system, 8
      detecting, 146
  OPTION, 350
  Options, in commands, 200
  Or (||) in conditional commands, 108
  .OR., in IF and IFF, 312, 317, 319
  OS/2, 9
      clipboard, see Clipboard
      desktop, 39
      detecting, 146
      DOS, OS/2, and Windows sessions, starting, 39
      shutting down, 37, 365
      swap file, 32

  P

  Paged output, 76
  Parameter character, 186, 387     
    see %# and %n&                  
      compatibility between products, 168               
      in aliases, 213               
      in batch files, 118           
      saving and restoring, 390     
  Parameters                        
      expansion, 171                
      in aliases, 212, 213          
      in batch files, 117, 391      
  Parent directory, 14, 91, 226, 228, 338                        
  Password entry, 322, 325          
  Pasting text, on command line, 35, 37                          
  PATH command, 351                 
  PATH environment variable, 141    
      "." in, 352                   
      and @SEARCH variable function, 165               
      changing, 283, 351            
      format of, 352                
      invalid directory in, 353     
      length of, 353                
      searching for executable files, 19, 73, 104, 351     
      viewing, 352                  
  @PATH function, 164               
  Path, of a file, 9, 14            
      and aliases, 115
      extracting from full file name, 164
      finding full path name, 160                         
      finding true path, 166, 414                         
      if omitted, 14                
      in executable extensions, 103                         

  Path, of a file (continued)
      in include lists, 101
      length of, 14                 
  PAUSE, 120, 128, 354              
  Percent sign, see % sign          
  _PID variable, 147                
  .PIF files, 19                    
  _PIPE variable, 147               
  Pipes, 87, 404                    
      and LIST, 333                 
      disabling, 388                
      in Take Command/32 and Take Command for OS/2, 88                          
      named, 158                    
      nested, 88
      testing for, 147
      use of temporary files, in Take Command/16, 88
  POPD, 270, 355, 360
  Popup windows, 29, 186
  _PPID variable, 147
  Previous working directory, returning to, 227, 228
  Printer
      checking status of, 163
      sending control codes to, 111
      sending files to, 233
      setup, 37
  Printing scrollback buffer, 37
  Process
      ID number, 147
      type, 147
  PROMPT command, 356
  PROMPT environment variable, 141
  Prompting
      before command execution, 204
      during file processing, 76
      during paged output, 76
  _PTYPE variable, 147
  PUSHD, 270, 355, 360

  Q

  QUERYBOX, 120, 362
  QUIT, 120, 224, 225, 363
  Quoting
      arguments, 172
      file names, 15

  R

  RAM, see Memory
  RAM disk, 10
  @RANDOM function, 164
  Ranges
      date, time, and size, 94
      file exclusion, 99
  RD, 364
  Read-only attribute, see File attributes
  @READSCR function, 164
  @READY function, 164

  REBOOT, 365
  Recorder, 42
  Redirection, 84                   
      alternative methods, 404, 425                         
      and batch files, 86           
          capturing output, 128     
      and command grouping, 86, 109                         
      disabling, 388                
      nested, 86                    
      numeric file handles, 86      
      preventing file overwrites, 86, 186, 387    
  Registration, 7                   
  REM, 120, 366                     
  @REMOTE function, 164             
  @REMOVABLE function, 164          
  REN, 341, 367                     
  RENAME, 341, 367                  
  @REPEAT function, 164             
  @REPLACE function, 164            
  RETURN, 120, 306, 370             
  @REXX function, 165               
  REXX support, 131, 133, 165       
  @RIGHT function, 165              
  RMDIR, 364                        
  Root directory, 13                
  _ROW variable, 147                
  _ROWS variable, 147               
                                    
  S                                 
                                    
  Scan codes, see Keys, codes       
  Screen, See also Colors;          
    Scrollback buffer.              
      clearing, 231                 
      copying to clipboard, 35, 37                          
      reading text from, 164        
      scrolling, 188                
      size, 33, 46, 187, 188        
          detecting, 145, 147, 148, 149                
      virtual width, 33, 46, 145, 187, 188               
  SCREEN, 120, 371                  
  Scroll Lock key, 326              
  Scrollback buffer, 34. See also Command window.            
      clearing, 35, 231             
      copying to clipboard, 35, 37                          
      keys, 34, 47, 111, 188, 194                         
      printing, 37                  
      saving, 36
      size of, 34, 46, 181
  Scrolling, 188
  SCRPUT, 120, 373
  @SEARCH function, 165
  Search path, see PATH environment variable
  Searching, for files or text, 42, 51, 287
  _SECOND variable, 147

  SELECT, 374
      and command grouping, 377
      and include lists, 101
      and MOVE, 342
      color-coded displays, 48, 190
      default colors, 48, 190, 375
      keys used with, 191
  @SELECT function, 165
  _SELECTED variable, 148
  Selecting
      files, 374. See also File selection.
      text, in command window, 38
  Semicolon, see ;
  Session ID number, 148
  SET, 381
  SETDOS, 384
      /A(NSI), 90, 182, 384
      /C(ompound character), 168, 183, 384
      /D(escriptions), 184, 385
      /E(scape character), 168, 184, 385
      /G (separators), 386
      /I(nternal), 204, 317, 386
      /M(ode), 184, 387
      /N(o clobber), 186, 387
      /P(arameter character), 168, 186, 387
      /S(hape), 183, 387
      /U(pper), 142, 189, 263, 289, 387
      /V(erbose), 117, 182, 388
      /X (expansion), 131, 138, 153, 172, 173, 210, 388
      /Y (debug), 389
      and .INI file, 177, 384
  SETLOCAL, 119, 120, 125, 390, 418
  @SFN function, 165
  Shell level, 148, 357             
  _SHELL variable, 148              
  SHIFT, 118, 120, 391              
  Short file names, see File names, short                    
  SHRALIAS, 63, 70, 215, 393        
  _SID variable, 148                
  Size ranges, 94                   
  Sound, see BEEP                   
  Special characters, compatibility between products, 168                   
  Standard error, 84, 280, 281      
  Standard input, 84, 404, 425      
      and LIST, 333                 
  Standard output, 84, 404, 425     
  START, 120, 394                   
  Starting applications, 38, 72, 394                             
  Startup command line, viewing, in TCSTART, 122                 
  Status bar, 32                    
      enabling, 42, 46, 188         
      font, 188                     
  Status tests, in IF and IFF, 316                             
  Stopwatch, see TIMER              

  Strings
      comparing, 313                
      counting words, 167
      extracting substrings, 161, 162, 165, 166          
      finding words, 166            
      formatting, 154, 160          
      input of, 324                 
      inserting text, 161           
      length, 162                   
      removing blanks, 166          
      removing characters, 165      
      repeating characters, 164     
      searching, 161                
      testing for numeric digits, 164                 
  @STRIP function, 165              
  Subdirectories, 13                
      attributes of, 220            
      changing, see Changing directories                 
      commands for, 198             
      copying, 240                  
      creating, 338                 
      deleting files from, 245      
      descriptions for, 248         
      displaying tree, 412
      executing commands in, 304
      hidden, 304
      moving, 341, 345
      name, maximum length of, 14
      removing, 246, 345, 364
      renaming, 367
      selecting, 160
      testing for, 317
      testing for existence, 317
  Subdirectory attribute, see File attributes
  @SUBSTR function, 166
  Support, 7
  Swap file (OS/2), 32, 188, 340
  SWITCH, 401
      and GOTO, 403
  Switches, in commands, 200
  _SYSERR variable, 148
  _SYSFREE variable, 148
  System
      attribute, see File attributes
      configuration, commands for, 198
      rebooting, 365

  T

  Tab character, 111
  Tab stops, 189
  Take Command
      as DDE client, 242
      as DDE server, 135
      compatibility with 4DOS, 4OS2, and 4NT, 34, 47, 55, 168, 188
      Introduction and Installation Guide, 7
      window, 31, 46. See also Command window.
  Task list, 39, 44

  TCSTART and TCEXIT, 121
      and PROMPT, 357
      location of, 46, 181
  Technical support, 7
  TEE, 88, 404
  TEMP environment variable, 141
  Text
      finding, 42, 51, 287
  TEXT, 120, 405
  THEN, in IFF, 319
  Thousands character, 189, 386     
      saving and restoring, 390     
  Time                              
      converting, 166               
      display format, 181           
      file, see Files, time stamp                       
      formatting, 163               
      ranges, 94                    
      retrieving, 147, 148          
      setting, 406                  
  TIME, 406                         
  @TIME function, 166               
  _TIME variable, 148               
  TIMER, 121, 166, 407              
  @TIMER function, 166              
  TITLE, 409
  Tool bar, 31, 40, 48              
      enabling, 41, 46, 189
      font, 189                     
  TOUCH, 410                        
  _TRANSIENT variable, 148          
  TREE, 412                         
  @TRIM function, 166               
  TRUENAME, 414                     
  @TRUENAME function, 166           
  TTY applications, 399             
  TTY Applications, 51              
  TYPE, 415                         
                                    
  U                                 
                                    
  UNALIAS, 125, 416                 
  @UNIQUE function, 166             
  Unknown commands, handling, 216                             
  UNKNOWN_CMD alias, 21, 216        
  UNSET, 119, 418                   
  UNTIL, in DO, 271                 
  Upgrades, 7                       
  Upper case, see Case              
  @UPPER function, 166              
  URLs, 73, 75                      
  _USERFREE variable, 148           
                                    
  V                                 
                                    
  Variable expansion, see Environment variables, expansion                       
  Variable functions, 149. See also names of individual functions.
      in aliases, 167, 214
      See in batch files, 118, 167
  VER, 420
  VERIFY, 240, 346, 421
  Version numbers, 144, 146, 148, 420
  Vertical text display, 423
  Video hardware, detecting, 147
  Virtual screen width, see Screen
  VOL, 422
  Volume, see Disk drives
  Volume label attribute, see File attributes
  VSCRPUT, 121, 423

  W

  Warm reboot, 365
  Warning mark, see !
  WHILE, 271
  @WILD function, 166
  Wildcards, 91
      and @SEARCH variable function, 165
      and filename completion, 64
      and renaming subdirectories, 369
      comparing, 166
      expanding, 157
      extended, 92
      in executable extensions, 104
      in FFIND search text, 288
      in include lists, 100
      in LIST search text, 332
      in multiple filenames, 100
  _WIN variable, 146, 148
  _WINDIR variable, 148
  WINDOW, 424
  Windows, See also Microsoft Windows.
      closing, 45
      commands for, 199
      console, 74
      controlling state of, 205
      for applications, 74
      retrieving text from, 148
      retrieving title of, 148
      Take Command, 31. See also Command window.
          controlling state of, 181, 424
          size of, 33, 181
          title of, 424
      testing for existence, 317
      title of, 205, 409
      viewing list of, 45
  _WINSYSDIR variable, 148
  _WINTITLE variable, 148
  _WINVER variable, 148
  @WORD function, 166
  @WORDS function, 167

  X

  .XOR., in IF and IFF, 312, 317, 319
  _XPIXELS variable, 148

  Y

  Y, 88, 425
  @YEAR function, 167
  _YEAR variable, 148
  _YPIXELS variable, 149

  Z

  Zero-length files, creating, 86, 366, 411
