This is the readme file belonging to Scala version 1.7.

Scala is an editor, librarian, and analysis tool for musical tunings,
like just intonation scales, equal or historical temperaments,
non-western scales and microtonal or macrotonal scales. It allows
scales to be created, manipulated and combined in many different ways.
It can tune various different synthesizers and samplers via standard
MIDI-files. It can also modify the tuning of music in MIDI-files.
Users can execute their own written programs using the Scala command
language. There are more than 400 different command combinations.
More than 100 note name systems are built in.
The Scala scale file format has become a standard for microtuning
software because of the enormous scale library and power of Scala. The
scale archive is available in a separate zip-file. 
Coupling with other music software like Csound, Fractal Tune Smithy,
JustMusic, etc. is available or straightforward to achieve.

Special requirements: none.

Freeware. Uploaded by the author.

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To install, unpack scala.zip in an empty directory, for example 
C:\Scala17. Then read the rest of this file and type "scala" to run.
Then type "help" or "h" to see which are the available commands. 

The files with extension "par" are data files or files with parameters that
can be modified to configure Scala.
Parameter files with official names are:
calcval.par   -- contains interval units to express results of calculations in.
chordnam.par  -- contains chord names, in English.
help.htm      -- contains all help text (can also be viewed with a browser).
intnam.par    -- contains interval names, in English.
modenam.par   -- contains scale modes, in English.
params.par    -- contains various user parameters.
string.par    -- contains example string model numbers, for fret positions.
synth.par     -- contains synthesizer system exclusive codes for tuning.
termsize.par  -- contains screen dimensions.
tips.par      -- contains tips of the day.

Parameter files which can substitute one of the above if they are renamed.
Save the original file to another name before you do that.
intnaam.par   -- contains Dutch interval names (rename to intnam.par).
intnom.par    -- contains French interval names (rename to intnam.par).
intnomen.par  -- contains Latin interval names (rename to intnam.par).
intindia.par  -- contains Indian note names (rename to intnam.par).
modusnam.par  -- contains Dutch mode names (rename to modenam.par).
melathat.par  -- contains Indian melas and thats (rename to modenam.par).

Files with documentation:
readme.txt    -- this file.
commands.txt  -- list of all commands.
cmdlist.txt   -- list of example external command files.
document.html -- frame page for reading the documentation.
first.txt     -- recipe for first-time users.
helpindx.html -- contents listing of help file.
links.html    -- contains HTML page with links.
modename.html -- contains scale modes in HTML format.
ref.txt       -- literature references for tuning theory behind Scala.
references.html -- same in HTML format.

Other Scala input files:
example.kbm   -- example keyboard mapping file, usable as template.
a440.kbm      -- keyboard map with A on 440 Hz and 1/1 to middle C.
clinear.kbm   -- keyboard map with middle C on standard frequency.
61.kbm        -- keyboard map for 60-tone scale to 5-octave keyboard.
128.kbm       -- keyboard map for 127-tone scale to all keys.
black.kbm     -- keyboard map for pentatonic scale to black keys.
6.kbm         -- keyboard map for hexatonic scale.
white.kbm     -- keyboard map for heptatonic scale to white keys.
8.kbm         -- keyboard map for octatonic scale.
10.kbm        -- keyboard map for decatonic scale.
11.kbm        -- keyboard map for 11-tone scale.
two17.kbm     -- keyboard map for 17-tone scale using 24 keys.
two19.kbm     -- keyboard map for 19-tone scale using 24 keys.
two20.kbm     -- keyboard map for 20-tone scale using 24 keys.
two22*.kbm    -- keyboard maps for 22-tone scale using 24 keys.
erl22*.kbm    -- keyboard maps for 12-tone modes of 22 equal.
bp.kbm        -- keyboard map for Bohlen-Pierce scales.
miller24.kbm  -- keyboard map for 24-tone scale with naturals and flats on
                 white and sharps and double sharps on black.
miller31.kbm  -- keyboard map for 31-tone scale with naturals and flats on
                 white and sharps and double sharps on black.
piano.kbm     -- keyboard map for 88-tone scale to 88-key piano.
pbexampl.seq  -- example pitch bend example file.
ptolemy.scl   -- example scale.
*.seq         -- pitch bend example files with compositions.
help.cmd      -- command file for starting browser with help file.
startup.cmd   -- example startup command file.
send.cmd      -- command file for downloading a tuning to a synthesizer.
sendm.cmd     -- command file for downloading a tuning to a synthesizer.
smithy.cmd    -- command file for playing with the current scale in Fractal 
                 Tune Smithy.
cmd\play.cmd  -- command file for playing a MIDI file under Windows 9x/NT.
cmd\playg.cmd -- command file for playing a MIDI file under DOS.
cmd\playm.cmd -- command file for playing a MIDI file under Windows 9x/NT.
cmd\playwin.cmd- command file for playing a MIDI file under Windows 9x/NT.
cmd\exam.cmd  -- command file for tuning and playing a MIDI file under DOS.
cmd\*.cmd     -- other example command files; read them to see what they all
                 can do.

Included third-party software:
megamid024.zip -- MIDI-file player (Windows).
gsplay1.zip    -- MIDI-file player (DOS & Windows).
mt.zip         -- source files and executables mf2t.exe (MIDI file to text) 
                  and t2mf.exe (text to MIDI file) (any platform).

Recommended third-party software:
http://go.to/fractaltunesmithy -- Fractal Tune Smithy (Windows).
http://www.cix.co.uk/~gbreed/software.htm -- MIDI Relay (DOS & Windows).

For example usage of some commands look in the file tutorial.cmd or run
it from Scala with "@tutorial".

It is advisable to put scale files in a subdirectory, to keep them
separate from the program files. Then one can put the command 
"cd <subdirectory>" in startup.cmd to automatically go to that directory. 

Windows users can associate Scala's file types .scl .kbm and .cmd with
Scala by double-clicking on files of these types in a folder window.
Then an "Open with" dialog box appears. Enter a description:
"Scala scale file", or
"Scala keyboard mapping", or
"Scala command file".
Then click the "Other.." button and select the scala.exe program file. 
Then click on "OK". Now if these files are double-clicked on, Scala will 
start and load this file automatically.

VMS-users can just size their DECterm window to any size before running
Scala.
Some Unix versions automatically recognize the size of an xterm window.
For other Unix versions the file termsize.par must be edited for another 
screen size than 24 x 80.

Downloading a scale to a Yamaha Clavinova digital piano is not yet 
tested and does probably not work.
Downloading a scale to a Roland JV or XP series synthesizer is not yet 
tested but probably works.
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A MIDI-file player, Megamid, is included in the Windows 9x/NT
distribution of Scala, to enable downloading tuning dumps to an
instrument. The command file sendm.cmd calls this program from within
Scala.
Unzipping megamid024.zip in the Scala directory will make it work.
The Megamid web page is http://megamid.cjb.net. There is also an
MS-DOS version available there.
Playing microtonal midi files made with Scala is best done with this 
player, since you can see the notes and other MIDI events live on your
screen. It also supports the XG and GS standard formats.

Another useful MIDI-file player is Gsplay. It runs under MS-DOS and Windows
9x/NT. It also supports serial port interfaces and runs on old XTs. If a
synthesizer is overrun with fast incoming MIDI bytes, this player has an
option to slow it down. The command file send.cmd calls this program
from within Scala. 
Unzip gsplay1.zip in another directory and put that directory in PATH.
The link for downloading it is
ftp://ftp.foxtail.com/pub/automatic-music/misc/gsplay1.zip

When you tune a Yamaha TX81Z, the MIDI speed must be reduced otherwise
a "buffer overrun" will occur. To do this, it is easiest to use Gsplay.
This program is capable of reducing the speed, 25% of the default speed
will do. To do this put "tempo 25" on the command line before the file
name (see send.cmd). The command line then becomes this:
spawn gsplay tempo 25 xxx.mid
In the file tips.par there is a more elaborate description on how to 
tune the TX81Z.

If you still want to use another MIDI-file player, change the files
send.cmd and playwin.cmd and fill in the filename containing the full
path of the player's .exe file. Don't forget to put it between double
quotes if the pathname contains spaces (which is perverse but what can
you do).
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For more information about Scala, refer to the WWW-page
http://www.tiac.net/users/xen/scala/ (English), or
http://www.xs4all.nl/~huygensf/scala-nl.html (Nederlands).

Version 1.3 for MSDOS remains available under
ftp://ftp.cdrom.com/.23/simtelnet/msdos/music/scala.zip

Version 1.4 is the last MS-DOS version of Scala. Higher versions do not
run under MS-DOS. MS-DOS versions also run under Windows 9x/NT. Only
files with names longer than 8 characters will not be usable with this
version. 

The native version for Windows 9x/NT is a console mode application.
This means it looks like a DOS program but is nevertheless a native
32-bit Windows program (it's not my idea that Windows should insist on
putting a DOS icon in the upper left corner of the window, by the
way). This version has no filename length limitations. 
Warning: Especially under Windows 95, it is important to check the DOS
memory properties. In an MS-DOS window, select Properties, then Memory, then
check Protected in the Conventional memory group box. Otherwise it won't
work since it's not an MS-DOS application.
It can be downloaded from the directory
http://www.xs4all.nl/~huygensf/software/

For the VMS version, which is always the most recent, contact the
author. He can also be asked if a version for a specific Unix machine
can be made. 
A version for Silicon Graphics under IRIX is available under
ftp://ella.mills.edu/ccm/tuning/software/other/scala-1.41-IRIX5.3-binary.tar.gz
It was made by Steven Rezsutek.
The latest Linux on PC version is also in the directory
http://www.xs4all.nl/~huygensf/software/

There is not yet a native version for the Apple Macintosh. It might be 
possible to run it with a DOS-simulator under MacOS. Hopefully some day 
it will exist (MacOS X?)
The MIDI tuning dump files produced by Scala can be used on a Mac, if 
the "File Type" is changed there to "MIDI". Or it can be done by 
Midi-It! Download it from
ftp://mirrors.aol.com/pub/info-mac/gst/midi/midi-it-125.hqx

Discussions about Scala can be conducted by e-mail on the Alternate Tuning 
List. Send an empty email to one of these addresses:
  tuning-subscribe@egroups.com - subscribe to the tuning list.
  tuning-unsubscribe@egroups.com - unsubscribe from the tuning list.
  tuning-digest@egroups.com - switch your subscription to digest mode.
  tuning-normal@egroups.com - switch your subscription to normal mode.
Or go to http://www.pacificnet.net/~nowitzky/tuning/
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A large collection of scale files for Scala can be downloaded from
http://www.xs4all.nl/~huygensf/doc/scales.zip
or ftp://byrd.math.uga.edu/pub/music/dx7/scales/scales.zip

For unzip information, read
ftp://ftp.freesoftware.com/pub/infozip/Info-ZIP.html
or
http://www.winzip.com/ .

Unix and Linux users should unzip the files using the "ascii"-feature,
to prevent the Windows line-breaks from coming into the files; do
unzip -a scales.zip .
Many names of scale files are longer than 8 characters so users of 
MS-DOS (not Win9x) will have to rename those in order to use them. This
is possible while unzipping. 

These scale files can also be used in combination with the useful
freeware program MIDI Relay by Graham Breed which does about the same as
the Scala command EXAMPLE/MIDI but then with real-time MIDI data. It can
also be used for retuning MIDI coming out of a sequencer program before
it's going to a sound module or instrument. Download it from
http://www.cix.co.uk/~gbreed/software.htm .
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Contact the author if you want to read or use the Ada source code.
Information about Ada can be found at
http://www.adahome.com/

For free Ada compilers look at
http://www.adahome.com/Resources/Compilers/Free.html
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Scala was created by

Manuel Op de Coul
Molenstraat 28 A
2712 XM  Zoetermeer
Nederland
e-mail: coul@computer.org

Iucundi Acti Labores

Suggestions for improvements are always welcome. Contact the author
in the event of questions or problems.
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Scala is freeware without warranty and may not be sold, modified or
distributed for sale in combination with commercial products.
It may only be distributed as one package containing all the files 
mentioned here and for free.
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