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                    Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retrievers
                                      
Author

     * Cindy Tittle Moore, 22 March 1993
       
   This article is Copyright 1993-1997 by Cindy Tittle Moore, PO Box
   4188, Irvine CA 92616. All rights are reserved. Individuals may
   download and print a copy for their personal use. Non-commercial
   distribution without profit is encouraged: in particular, NSDTR rescue
   organizations, NSDTR breed clubs, and NSDTR breeders all have express
   permission to freely distribute this article, provided this Copyright
   and the article remain intact, and provided the recipient is not
   required to pay for it. It may not be copied to another website nor
   otherwise distributed in whole or in part without the Author's written
   permission. Rather than copying it, please feel free to link to this
   article's web site or discuss how to get it. This way everyone has a
   good chance of getting the most up-to-date copy when they look for it.
   
   Revision history:
     * Mailing lists, web info of interest added. Nov 1995
     * Suggested revisions and corrections from personal correspondence
       with Gretchen Botner and Gail MacMillan. Includes clarifications
       in health section, updates on tolling as an activity, additional
       article references, and more NSDTR-USA club information. Mar 1996
     * Added homepage information in online section. Mar 1996
     * Added info on new book & new mailing list. Nov 1996
     * Updated club contact addresses. Jan 1997
       
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
Table of Contents

     * History
     * The Toller Today
     * Characteristics and Temperament
     * Frequently Asked Questions
     * Special Medical Problems
     * Recognized
     * Standard
     * Resources
       
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
History

   The earliest recorded references to the use of small red dogs to
   attract games is in the writings of Nicholas Denys, a 17th century
   colonizer of both Nova Scotia and New Brnswick. Denys does not state
   where the dogs came from (speculation is Belgium, where they were used
   to lure waterfowl into nets) but does comment on their retrieving
   ability which was not present in Europe's dogs. Whether these dogs are
   the early Toller ancestors, no one knows.
   
   The traditional version of their origin is that a James Allen (or
   Allan) obtained a liver-colored flat coated retriever in 1860. This
   dog was crossed with a short coated retriever similar to a Labrador,
   probably a Lesser St. John's Water Dog (now extinct, but in the
   backgrounds of Labradors, Chesapeakes, and Newfoundlands). Puppies
   from this cross were then bred with brown cocker spaniels and finally
   Irish Setters for the red color. It is also speculated that farm
   collies, Golden Retrievers, and Chesapeake Bay Retrievers may have
   played a part.
   
   In their book, Strang and MacMillan outline a persuasive case for the
   Tollers being descended at least in part from the Dutch "cage dogs".
   These dogs are strongly similar to Tollers in physical appearance. In
   addition, these dogs were used to entrap water fowl as follows: A
   large pond with radiating arms away from the pond (so that one arm
   could always be chosen according to wind conditions to keep the birds
   from scenting the human or dog). The Cage Dogs ran between alternating
   screens so that the ducks caught glimpses of the dog (very much like
   modern day tolling) and thus drew the ducks away from the central pond
   and into one of the arms, or channels. The channels were constructed
   to narrow and entrap the ducks at the end with nets. In this way,
   large numbers of fowl could be captured quickly without the need for
   guns or other expensive equipment. The authors speculate that the
   practice emigrated from the Netherlands to England and thence to the
   Yarmouth district, potentially many decades before their traditional
   beginnings.
   
   Through the efforts of Cyril Colwell, the breed was recognized by the
   Canadian Kennel Club in 1945 and at that point christened the Nova
   Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever. However, the breed threatened to lapse
   into obscurity again; the breed had to be re-registered in the late
   1950's. In the 1960's, Eldon Pace and Avery Nickerson carried on the
   torch for the Toller and dedicated themselves to producing the finest
   hunting dogs possible.
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
The Toller Today

  Canada
  
   In 1980, two Tollers won Best In Show at separate shows, piquing the
   interest of serious fanciers and breeders. Tollers have made steady
   gains since then, going on to participate in other current-day
   activities such as obedience and flyball with gusto and racking up
   further gains in the breed ring. In 1988, the Canadian Kennel Club's
   centenary was marked by the issue of stamps bearing the likeness of
   quintessential Canadian breeds. These were the Tahltan Bear Dog, the
   Canadian Eskimo Dog, the Newfoundland, and, of course, the Nova Scotia
   Duck Tolling Retriever. In 1995, Nova Scotia picked the Toller as its
   official dog, thus marking 50 years of recognition by the CKC.
   
  Sweden
  
   The little river dogs are quite popular in Sweden, where there are an
   estimated 2,000 Tollers. The first dogs were imported in the mid 80's
   and in 1995 there were some 250 new puppies, with more dogs imported
   from both Canada and Denmark.
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
Characteristics and Temperament

   Affectionately known as the "Toller," this breed was once called the
   Little River Duck Dog since it was developed in the Little River
   district of Yarmouth County, Nova Scotia. This engaging dog is a
   specialist with waterfowl. Tolling, or luring, is the practice of
   tricking ducks within gunshot range. Hunters had long observed this
   behavior in foxes and deliberately bred a small fox-like dog to make
   use of tolling in their own hunting.
   
   Tollers are powerful, medium-sized sporting dogs, intelligent and keen
   workers. Males measure 19 to 20 inches at the shoulder and weigh from
   45 to 51 pounds; females average one inch less and weigh from 37 to 43
   pounds. The coat is medium long with a dense undercoat in red or
   orange. It may be marked with white on the tip of tail, chest, feet
   and forehead. The tail is long and heavily coated, and full of action
   when the dog is tolling. The coat is a true retriever double coat; the
   harsh outer coat waterproofs while the under coat insulates. 
   
   The dogs are described as excellent hunters -- some giving their
   owners a look of disgust if the shot is missed -- willing to work in
   cold and wet conditions. While the breed was developed for waterfowl,
   many are used in the upland. They are equally comfortable whether the
   scent is on the ground or in the air. Well trained dogs hunt close and
   don't roam, but enthusiasm can easily run away with good field
   manners! They take well to obedience and some have been used
   successfully as therapy dogs.
   
   While there is some split between hunting and show lines, the split is
   not as severe as in other breeds, especially Labrador Retrievers. It
   is also more apparent in Canada than in the United States. There are a
   number of breeders who state in their advertisements that they only
   breed show dogs. If hunting ability is of concern, remember to look
   for responsible breeders who either hunt over their own dogs ' or have
   sold pups into hunting homes. Working level tests may indicate hunting
   potential but unless you know the breeder is producing or using
   hunting dogs, the tests may not tell you the full story behind the
   dogs' ability. (For example, did the dog breeze through the tests, or
   did it take many retries before it finally passed?) However, this is
   not to say that a show-oriented breeder is incapable of producing good
   dogs, or that a hunter always will. A good breeder will care about
   both aspects, conformation and hunting ability, of their dogs and be
   able to refer you to pups that they have bred that are doing well in
   either -- or both -- venues.
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
Frequently Asked Questions

   _Does AKC recognize this breed?_
   
     No, although there are current efforts underway to get the Toller
     so recognized.
     
   _So this means I can't show this dog in conformation or obedience with
   the AKC?_
   
     This is correct. Remember, though, that since the breed is
     recognized by the SKC and the UKC, it is eligible for shows put on
     by these clubs. In particular, it may participate in both HRC and
     NAHRA hunt tests.
     
   _Do Tollers really have fox in their ancestry?_
   
     No. This is genetically impossible. They were simply bred to
     resemble foxes.
     
   _Are they easy to train?_
   
     Young Tollers are rather distractible, as is generally true with
     retrievers. At about two years of age they reach a level of mental
     maturity that makes the training process easier. This is not to say
     that Tollers can't be trained until this maturity arrives, but that
     while they learn quickly, they also bore quickly. Training sessions
     should be short and light, fun and challenging. It may be difficult
     to train them to do things that they were not bred for, as this is
     a dog with highly developed hunting instincts.
     
   _What is "tolling"? Do they really dance around on the shore?_
   
     Tolling means "luring" or "enticing." The dogs do not really dance
     at the shore. The hunter sets up several blinds along the lakeshore
     or even along the river. When the weather is good, a suitable blind
     is selected, and the dog is sent out to retrieve sticks and other
     material the hunter throws toward the shore. The Toller goes
     directly out and fetches the stick like any good retriever.
     However, since Tollers are a jaunty and animated breed, it is
     thought that the flash and bounce of their white points attracts
     the ducks. After a number of retrieves the ducks are within gunshot
     range and the Toller is subsequently sent out to retrieve killed
     and wounded ducks.
     
   _Is tolling widely practiced?_
   
     In Canada, the practice has declined slowly for a number of years
     but has recently made a resurgence as interest in the Tollers has
     also increased. Tollers are not the only breed that can "toll" --
     others have reported tolling with the Curly Coated Retriever, for
     example. However, the Toller is the undisputed king of tolling.
     
     Tolling has never caught on widely in the US, but increased
     interest in the Toller may change that. Also, with hunters learning
     that tolling can help bring the birds in even when there is no
     apparent game to be had, more people are looking into it.
     
   _Tolling isn't all they do, is it?_
   
     Of course not. They are perfectly capable hunting retrievers in the
     traditional sense along with the other retriever breeds. In fact,
     their tolling should be considered an _additional_ rather than sole
     ability, unique as it may be.
     
   _Would they make good watch dogs? Guard dogs?_
   
     They make very good watch dogs due to their inherent suspicion of
     strangers. But they do not make good guard dogs and should not used
     as such.
     
   _Do they make good pets?_
   
     Like all retrievers, they make excellent pets, being devoted to
     family and children and readily trainable. They do require an
     active family that can ensure the Toller gets the activity as well
     as the attention it deserves. They are bright and will get into
     mischief if they are bored.
     
   _Are Tollers a rare breed?_
   
     Yes. There are about 400 Tollers registered with the US club, and
     about 3,000 registered world wide as of early 1993. The breed
     nearly died out in the two decades after it was recognized by the
     CKC, but has made steady, although slow, gains since then.
     
   _Does this mean I'll have a hard time finding a puppy?_
   
     Probably. You may have to wait some time for a litter, and you will
     likely have to have it shipped across the country to you. Litters
     are few and demand for the puppies high. On the other hand, it's
     possible to get the luck of a draw and have a puppy a few months
     after your phone call. Be prepared for the grilling you're likely
     to get from the breeders.
     
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
Special Medical Problems

   Tollers are subject to hip dysplasia and eye problems, but no more
   than most other retriever breeds, and less than Golden Retrievers. All
   breeding stock should be OFA'd and CERF'd before breeding. The
   Canadian and US Toller clubs each have a Code of Ethics that prohibits
   members breeding dogs without hip and eye certification. Hip
   certification need only be done once after the dog is two years of
   age, but eye examinations must be done annually and even after the dog
   is no longer being bred.
   
   OFA issues a permanent number for a dog over two years of age that
   passes the panel of experts at OFA. They will also certify other
   joints; it's a positive sign if the breeder has also cleared elbows or
   other joints. However, problems in shoulders, elbows, and hocks are
   not generally known among Tollers.
   
   Tollers can have several eye problems, including PRA. Some eye
   problems show up late in life thus a dog used for breeding should not
   only be examined annually, but also after it is no longer bred. You
   should check that a breeder is following this general policy with all
   their dogs. Unlike OFA, a CERF number merely shows the year the dog
   was last examined and the results registered; it is "good" only for a
   year. A dog may be properly examined by an ACVO board certified
   veterinarian (and the breeder will have the appropriate paperwork)
   without necessarily obtaining a CERF number. Some breeders may choose
   to renew the CERF number and others may not; either way the dogs
   should be examined annually.
   
   The breeder should be happy to show you the paper work and explain how
   it all works. When you are looking at puppies, make sure each parent
   has an OFA certification number and that they have been examined
   annually for eye problems.
   
   Currently, problems with hypothyroidism and immune mediated problems
   as well as dwarfism are surfacing. For the most part, these problems
   are still extremely rare and the subject of some unfounded rumor.
   
   Deafness appears to be surfacing in a few lines. This is a late onset
   (7-8 years) form of deafness that it just beginning to be recognized
   and it isn't yet clear whether it is inherited or environmental.
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
Recognized

   Canadian Kennel Club FCI
   Finnish Kennel Club
   Kennel Club of Great Britain
   Norwegian Kennel Club
   States Kennel Club
   Swedish Kennel Club
   United Kennel Club
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
Standard

   (NSDTRC-USA -- Approved 1989)
   
   Origin and Purpose: The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever was
   developed in Nova Scotia in the early 19th century to toll (or lure)
   and retrieve waterfowl. The tolling dog runs, jumps, and plays along
   the shoreline in full view of flocks of ducks, occasionally
   disappearing from sight and then quickly reappearing, aided by the
   hunter, who throws small sticks or a ball for the dog. The dog's
   playful actions arouse the curiousity of the ducks swimming offshore
   and they are lured within gunshot range. The Toller is subsequently
   sent out to retrieve the dead or wounded birds.
   
   General Appearance: The Toller is a medium-sized, powerful, compact,
   balanced, well-muscled dog; medium to heavy in bone, with a high
   degree of agility, alterness and determination. Many Tollers have a
   slightly sad expression until they go to work, when their aspect
   changes to intese concetration and excitement. At work, the dog has a
   speedy, rushing action, with the head carried out almost level with
   the back and heavily-feathered tail in constant motion.
   
   Temperament: The Toller is highly intelligent, easy to train and has
   great endurance. A strong and able swimmer, he is a natural and
   tenacious retriever on land and from water, setting himself for
   springy action the moment the slightest indication is given that
   retrieving is required. His strong retrieving desire and playfulness
   are qualities essential to his tolling ability.
   
   Size: Ideal height for males over 18 months is 19-20 in. (when breed
   standards are converted to metric, the figures 48-51 cm. should be
   used); females over 18 months 18-19 in. (when breed standards are
   converted to metric the figures 45-48 cm. should be used). 1 in. (when
   breed standards are converted to metric the figure 2.5 cm. should be
   used) over or under ideal height is allowed. Weight should be in
   proportion to the height and bone of the dog (guidelines 45-51 lbs,
   when breed standards are converted to metric, the figure 20-23 kg.
   should be used, for adult males; bitches 37-43 lbs., when breed
   standards are converted to metric, the figures 17-20 kg. should be
   used).
   
   Coat and Color: The Toller was bred to retrieve from icy waters and
   must have a water-repellant double coat of medium length and softness
   with softer dense undercoat. The coat may have a slight wave on the
   back, but is other wise straight. Some winter coats may form a long
   loose curl at the throat. Featherings are soft at the throat, behind
   the ears and at the back of the thighs, and forelegs are moderately
   feathered. Color is various shades of red or orange with lighter
   featherings and underside of tail, and usually at least on of the
   following white markings - a tip of tail, feet (not extending beyond
   the pasterns), chest and blaze. A dog of otherwise high quality is not
   to be penalized for lack of white. The pigment of the nose, lips and
   eye rims to be flesh-colored, blending with coat, or black.
   
   Head:
     * a) Skull: The head is clean-cut and slightly wedge shaped. The
       broad skull is only slightly rounded, the occiput not prominent
       and the cheeks flat. [...] the head must be in proportion to body
       size. The stop is moderate.
     * b) Muzzle: Tapers in a clean line from stop to nose, with the
       lower jaw strong but not prominent. The underline of the muzzle
       runs almost in a straight line from the corner of the lip to the
       corner of the jawbone, with depth at the stop being greater than
       at the nose. Hair on the muzzle is short and fine.
     * c) Nose: Tapers from bridge to tip, with nostrils well open. Color
       should blend with that of the coat or be black.
     * d) Mouth: Lips fit fairly tightly, forming a gentle curve in
       profile, with no heaviness in flews. The correct bite is tight
       scissors, full dentition is required. Jaws are strong enough to
       carry a sizeable bird, and softness in mouth is essential.
     * e) Eyes: Set well apart, almond shaped, medium size, set high and
       well back on the skull with the base held very slightly erect;
       well feathered at the back of the fold, hair short at the rounded
       tips.
       
   Neck: Strongly muscled and well set on, of medium length, with no
   indication of throatiness.
   
   Forequarters: Shoulders should be muscular with the blade well laid
   back and well laid on, giving good withers sloping into short back.
   The blade and upper arm are roughly equal in length. Elbows should be
   close to the body turning neither in nor out, working cleanly and
   evenly. The forelegs should appear as parallel columns straight and
   strong in bone. The pasterns are strong and slightly sloping. The
   strong webbed feet are of medium size, tight and round with well
   arched toes and thick pads. Dewclaws may be removed.
   
   Body: Deep-chested with good spring of rib, brisket reaching to the
   elbow. The back is short and straight, the topline level, the loins
   strong and muscular. The ribs are well sprung, neither barrel shaped
   nor flat. Tuck up is moderate.
   
   Hindquarters: Muscular, broad and square in appearance. Rear and front
   angulation should be in balance. Thighs are very muscular, upper and
   lower sections bent approximately equal in length. Stifles are well
   bent and hock well down, turning neither in nor out. Dewclaws must not
   be present.
   
   Tail: Following the natural very slight slope of the croup, broad at
   the base, luxuriant and well feathered, with the last vertebra
   reaching at least to the hock. The tail may be carried below the level
   of the back except when the dog is alert, it curves high over though
   never touching the body.
   
   Gait: The Toller combines an impression of power with a springy gait,
   showing good reach in front and a strong driving rear. Feet should
   turn neither in nor out and legs travel in a straight line. As speed
   increases, the dog should single track, with the topline remaining
   level.
   
   Faults: (to be penalized according to degree)
   
     Dogs more than 1 in. (2.5 cm.) over or under ideal height.
     Tail too short, kinked or curled over touching the back.
     Lack of substance in the adult.
     Abrupt stop. Large, round eyes.
     Nose, eye rims, and eyes not of prescribed color.
     Bright pink nose. Open coat.
     Splayed or paper feet, down in pasterns.
     Roached, sway back, slack loins.
     Tail carried below level of back when dog gaiting.
     
   Disqualifications:
   
     White on shoulders, around ears, on back of neck, across back of
     flanks.
     Silvery coat, grey in coat, black areas in coat.
     Lack of webbing in feet.
     Undershot bite, wry mouth.
     Overshot bite, by more than 1/8 in.
     In adult classes, any shyness.
     Butterfly nose.
     Any color other than shades of red or orange.
     
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
Resources

  Books
  
   _The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever_ by Alison Strang and Gail
   MacMillan from Alpine Press was just released October of 1996. It is
   an _excellent_ book and highly recommended for anyone with an interest
   in the breed or an interest in retrievers in general.
   
  Articles
  
   _Canadian Kennel Club Book of Dogs: Centennial Edition_. (Short
   description, contains Canadian standard.)
   
   McClure, Bill. "Canada's Unique Toller," in _Gun Dog Magazine_,
   Nov/Dec 1986. (2 pages.)
   
   Spencer, James B. "The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever: A Breed in
   Transition," in _Wildfowl Magazine_, December/January 1986/1987. (Four
   pages.)
   
   Spencer, James B. _Hunting Retrievers: Hindsights, Foresights, and
   Insights_, Alpine Publications, 2456 E. 9th St., Loveland, CO 80537,
   1989. Contains a chapter describing the Toller.
   
   Wolters, Richard. _Duck Dogs -- All About Retrievers_, Penguin Group,
   Penguin Books USA Inc, New York, first printing April 1990. (A very
   interesting historical recounting of a NSDTR at work and some good
   information on the breed.)
   
   Rand, Vicki. "The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever in H.R.C." in
   _Hunting Retriever_, August/September 1990 pp37-38. (Short 2 page
   article, color pictures.)
   
   Rand, Vicki. "Dog Breeds of the World -- The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling
   Retriever," in _Bloodlines_, September/October 1990, pp 28-33.
   (Essentially the same as above article; more pictures.)
   
   Howard, Jeff. "The Truth About the Tolling Dog," in _Michigan
   Sportsman_, Sept. 1991. (Several pages, photos.)
   
   Botner, Gretchen. "Here's the Nova Scotia Duck Toller", in _Dog
   World_, April 1992 (v77n4), Maclean Hunter Publication. (Cover and
   feature article 3.5 pages with color photos.)
   
   Strang, Allison. "The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever," in _The
   Sporting Life Magazine_, May/June 1992. (4.5 pages with color photos.)
   
   MacMillan, Gail. "The Finest Hunting Companion on Four Legs -- The
   Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever," in _Gun Dog_, August/September
   1992. (5 pages, color photos; issue has a Toller on cover.)
   
   Spencer, James B. "The Toller in the United States," in _Gun Dog_,
   August/September 1992. (3 pages, color photos.)
   
   MacMillan, Gail. "The Pleasingest Puppy," in _Dog World_, October
   1992. pp 36-39. (3.5 pages, color photo.)
   
   MacMillan, Gail. "Ask Not How the Dog Tolls," in _Outdoor Canada_,
   September 1994. (2 pages, photo.)
   
   MacMillan, Gail. "The NSDTR: no need to toll for attention," in _Dogs
   in Canada_, December 1994. (2 pages, 2 photos -- one circa 1917.)
   
   MacMillan, Gail. "Tolling Dogs Tantalize Ducks," in _Conservator_,
   Volume 16, No. 2, 1995. (2 pages, photos.)
   
  Breeders
  
   Please contact the club nearest you for a list of breeders. Remember
   that you should always check any breeder you come across to determine
   whether they are the right ones for you. Most NSDTR clubs have a code
   of ethics that breeders must abide by in order to be listed, but
   please remember this may not guarantee that the breeder is for you.
   Always ask questions, check references, etc. See the Getting A Dog FAQ
   for details on choosing good breeders.
   
  Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever Club of Canada
  
     Sandy Bruce,
     208 Woburn Ave Toronto ON CANADA M5M 1K7; Phone 416-485-8350
     drbruce@muskoka.com
     
  Ontario Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever Club
  
     Janice Madjanovich, secretary
     RR #3, BObcaygeon, Ontario K0M 1A0
     stevnjan@lindsaycomp.on.ca
     
  Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever Club (USA)
  
     Gretchen Botner, Secretary
     951 Moon Court, Marco Island, FL 33937
     
   This club was formed in 1984 by ten fanciers determined to rescue the
   breed from obscurity in the US. The club now has a quarterly
   newsletter _Quackers_, maintains the stud book and registration
   records, outlines a Code of Ethics, keeps a breeders list and offers
   formal activities in conformation, field, obedience and tracking. The
   club has worked for recognition from the United Kennel Club, the
   States Kennel Club, and will eventually seek recognition with the
   American Kennel Club.
   
   The NSDTRC-USA works to maintain the Toller as a dual purpose breed,
   to avoid the sort of split that has occured in Canada, and that has
   occured in the US with other retriever breeds. The club will award
   Championships only to dogs that have passed either the Natural
   Instinct Test (NIT) or the Working Certificate (WC), both
   non-competitive titles. The NIT consists of back to back single land
   marks, back to back single water marks and a tolling test. The WC
   consists of a land double mark, back to back water singles, and a
   tolling test. In both cases, the tolling test requires the dog to
   retrieve and object on a shoreline at least six times in succession,
   and each retrieve must be done with the necessary animation to attract
   ducks (although no ducks are actually used in the tolling test).
   
  Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retrieverklubben (Sweden)
  
     
     Ingrid Larsson
     Viks Norrgaard, 643 93 Vingaaker, Sweden
     
   The club newsletter "Tollaren" is edited by Tina Jansson, at
   petter.o.tina.jansson@swipnet.se.
   
  Miscellaneous
  
   You can get 3 8.5x14 color copy sheets of Tollers (adults, puppies and
   hunt photos) by sending (US) $5.75, payable to G. Botner, to 951 Moon
   Court, Marco Island, FL 33937. Expense is for postage and materials
   only (non-profit).
   
  Online Information
  
   Websites include:
     * NSDTRC-USA Homepage, at
       http://www.tiac.net/users/smcgrath/tollers/, kept by Scott
       McGrath, smcgrath@tiac.net
     * The Swedish Toller Club, at http://home2.swipnet.se/~w-27092/.
     * Working Retriever Central, at http://working-retriever.com/
     * North American Hunting Retriever Association, at
       http://www.cvm.okstate.edu/~ACVA/nahra/nahrafaq.htm
       
   Mailing lists include:
     * The Toller-L mailing list. Send email to
       listserv@apple.ease.lsoft.com with subscribe TOLLER-L
       Yourfirstname Yourlastname in the body of the message to join. You
       will be expected to introduce yourself on the list.
     * The Hunting Retriever mailing list. Send email to
       majordomo@law.uark.edu, with subscribe HUNTING-RETRIEVER in the
       body of the mail message to join.
     * The Gundog-L mailing list (gatewayed to rec.hunting.dogs). Send
       email to listserv@tamu.edu with subscribe GUNDOG-L yourfirstname
       yourlastname in the body of the mail message to join.
       
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
   
    Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever FAQ
    Cindy Tittle Moore, rpd-info@netcom.com
